Skip to main content
Search
Main content
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
Published

Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids Vary by Sex and Amyloid Status

Authors

Jessamine F Kuehn, Qijun Zhang, Margo B Heston, Jea Woo Kang, Sandra J Harding, Nancy J Davenport-Sis, Darby C Peter, Robert L Kerby, Vaibhav Vemuganti, Emma C Schiffmann, Michael M Tallon, Joseph Harpt, Arun Hajra, J L Wheeler, Sushma Shankar, Alissa Mickol, Justus Zemberi, Hana Chow, Eric Zhang, Eleanor Clements, Hanna Noughani, Allison Forst, Grace Everitt, Gwendlyn Kollmorgen, Clara Quijano-Rubio, Bradley T Christian, Cynthia M Carlsson, Sterling C Johnson, Sanjay Asthana, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Tyler K Ulland, Federico E Rey, Barbara B Bendlin

Abstract

medRxiv [Preprint]. 2025 Aug 1:2025.07.31.25332523. doi: 10.1101/2025.07.31.25332523.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), produced by gut microbes, influence Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology in animals. Less is known about SCFAs and AD in humans. We profiled feces of adults along the AD continuum to investigate gut microbiome and SCFA associations with AD pathology and cognition.

METHODS: We measured SCFAs and bacterial abundances in fecal samples from 287 participants in the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention. We performed regressions examining associations between SCFAs or gut microbes and AD pathology and cognition.

RESULTS: Fecal propionate, isovalerate, and propionate-producing bacteria are inversely associated with amyloid status. Mediation analysis found that propionate mediates sex-specific associations between SCFAs and CSF biomarkers. SCFA levels are associated with slower cognitive decline.

DISCUSSION: These results link SCFAs and propionate-producing bacteria with AD. This may inform efforts to leverage diet and specific bacteria to boost SCFA production and potentially ameliorate AD progression.

PMID:40766136 | PMC:PMC12324626 | DOI:10.1101/2025.07.31.25332523

UK DRI Authors

Profile picture of Henrik Zetterberg

Prof Henrik Zetterberg

Group Leader

Pioneering the development of fluid biomarkers for dementia

Prof Henrik Zetterberg